Pomeranian: temperament, coat care and good with kids

Updated July 11, 2026 · dog breed guide

The Pomeranian — officially the Miniature German Spitz — packs an enormous personality into a 2–3 kg, cloud-like body. That fox face, the double coat fanning out around them, and boundless confidence have made Poms one of the world's most popular toy breeds.

Temperament

Pomeranians are lively, curious and self-assured to a degree that surprises many first-time owners. They don't hesitate to announce strangers with a sharp bark, and despite their size they expect to be taken seriously. They bond deeply with their people and dislike long stretches alone. Intelligence is high — they pick up tricks fast — but so is stubbornness, so consistent, positive training from day one pays off later.

Good with children

★★★

Poms suit families with older, calmer children. Their small, fragile frame makes them vulnerable to accidental drops or rough play, and they may snap defensively if they feel cornered or hurt. With school-age children who understand how to handle a small dog gently, they're entertaining and affectionate companions.

Coat care & grooming

That fluffy double coat is the Pomeranian's trademark — and its main maintenance demand. Brushing two to three times a week prevents the dense undercoat from matting; during the twice-yearly heavy shed, daily brushing is more realistic. Bathing every four to six weeks keeps the coat clean and healthy. One important warning: never shave a Pom short — it can permanently damage the undercoat structure and leave patchy regrowth. Regular teeth brushing matters too, as small breeds accumulate tartar quickly.

Exercise & daily routine

Two shorter walks a day — around 30–45 minutes total — meet a Pom's physical needs, but mental stimulation is equally important. They thrive on learning new tricks, puzzle feeders and scent games. Avoid heavy exercise in hot weather: the thick coat and the slightly flat face some lines carry don't mix well with heat. Despite their small size, an under-stimulated Pomeranian will bark persistently — something to keep in mind for apartment buildings.

Who the Pomeranian suits

The Pomeranian is an excellent match for apartment dwellers, seniors and anyone who wants a small, lively companion and doesn't mind regular grooming. They're also ideal for people who enjoy teaching tricks — Poms are genuinely talented and enthusiastic pupils. They're less well-suited to households with toddlers or very busy environments without time for proper socialisation and training. Compare with other small breeds in our dog breed guide or read our tips on best apartment dogs.